Papa John and his grandson Jack at the Lookouts in 2008
When a loved one passes often those left behind are left wondering, “What do I do now?” or “How am I going to manage without him/her?” Sometimes the shock is so great that it takes days, weeks or months to come up for air. But eventually, those who handle the situation most resourcefully use the setback as an experience to be able to help others.
Yesterday was the ten-year anniversary of my father’s death. As many know, he passed away suddenly in a car accident and for over three years my brother and I dealt with complications shutting down his practice, wrapping up business interests and trying to close out the estate through what turned out to be an arduous, expensive and lengthy probate process.
TRANSFORMING TRIALS INTO BLESSINGS FOR OTHERS
Our experience was one that I would not wish on anyone and has served as a catalyst that drives my passion to be a blessing to others and help them avoid some of what we experienced. Dad had done everything most people would have advised him to do in setting up his estate plan. He worked with one of the most prominent attorneys in town to craft his documents, creating a well thought out blueprint for what should happen upon his demise. He set up revocable trusts and irrevocable life insurance trusts, buying insurance to provide liquidity and help pay potential estate taxes, named executors, trustees and the like. But he made many mistakes along the way that come about all too often when people stop short of implementing well thought out estate plans.
One thing my father always drilled into my head is that it is OK to make mistakes. Those who reach the highest peaks do so because they have failed more than most anyone else. Michael Jordan missed over 9000 shots in his career and Babe Ruth held the record for most strikeouts in the Major Leagues for decades after he retired. The key is to keep moving forward. Those who are most successful learn from their mistakes. Those who become more successful even more quickly learn from other people’s mistakes. I like to think my brother and I have learned from my father’s mistakes in this case, but I feel it is even more important to help others learn from some of these lessons.
These painful experiences helped form the genesis of our WealthFit process.
Below are some of the most common mistakes we see:
Mistake #1: Not getting off the starting line.
All too often people do not want to think about what should happen if they meet their demise. It seems people become more motivated after a loved one passes away, especially when they are dealing with complications. Recently a long time client’s father passed away and he was detailing issues related to probating the estate and the amount of stress it was causing him. I personally think the issues associated with his father’s estate may be a blessing in disguise because it is serving as the catalyst to enable him to get his own estate planning done with attention to protections and provisions necessary to ensure an orderly process for his family. The stress is also inspiring him to exercise more.
Mistake #2: Failure to get spouses involved and engaged in the process
My father unfortunately did not engage my step mother in the planning process prior to or during the period he was getting his estate documents drafted. She did not fully understand or have confidence in what he was trying to do to protect both my brother and myself as well as her two boys. For this reason trusts were not funded and the bulk of the estate was open to creditor’s allowing a succession of entities and unrelated individuals to claim against the estate.
In addition, life insurance proceeds were included in the estate although the original intention was to pay potential estate taxes by transferring ownership.out of the estate into the life insurance trust. In the end, the insurance my father bought added additional expense to the estate settlement process because he retained ownership.
Mistake #3: Choosing the cheapest option rather than the best option
A hand written will in a sock drawer is better than nothing and a will downloaded from the internet and modified is probably a better solution than the former. Even though it may prove a bit more costly to have an experienced attorney draft your documents, he or she has likely seen and dealt with many issues you may not even consider. If they are detail oriented, experienced and focused on protecting clients from pitfalls before they happen, this is best. Dealing with the fallout of inadequate estate planning or an improperly implemented plan can be lucrative for an attorney and very costly for the loved ones of the deceased.
That said, we have found attorneys who recommend trusts for simple situations when they are not necessary to avoid probate. We have also witnessed attorneys who try to persuade clients that trusts are unnecessary when a multitude of issues would point to them being very beneficial. It helps to be somewhat educated before visiting with the attorney.
Mistake #4: Failure to consider what if any trusts might be necessary
Wills, powers of attorney for financial and health purposes, living wills and letters of instruction are all commonly provided with basic estate planning and often all that is needed.
However, trusts may be best in situations where multiple properties and/or business interests are owned, especially if held in multiple states.
My wife and I established trusts for our family some time ago to provide for our children if something were to happen to both of us but also to protect our families from situations that may arise if either of us were to get remarried after one of us passes.
In marriages where families are blended with children from subsequent marriages and/or current marriages, protection measures for the children become more important. In these blended families, if one spouse passes away, the temptation is great to favor one’s own children over the deceased partner’s children and all too often this happens without prior planning.
What is important to mention is that these revocable trusts can be modified at any time by the funding trustee. Subsequent trustees, beneficiaries and assets contained within the trusts can be changed at any time until the trust becomes irrevocable upon death.
Mistake #5: Failure to choose qualified trustees, executors and guardians
We have seen situations where executors and beneficiaries take so long to resolve estate issues that the beneficiaries of the deceased pass away before the estate is finalized. This causes the probate process to involve two estates and compounded complications. Other executors and trustees find ways to miss-appropriate funds and shirk their fiduciary duties, benefiting themselves rather than the intended beneficiaries. Sometimes executors and guardians are not named, in which case the courts may need to be involved. Thinking through these issues and determining if executors, guardians and trustees are up to the task is best.
Mistake #6: Failure to provide adequate protections for loved ones
Are your children too young to take care of themselves? Are they financially responsible? Do they have special needs that require additional care? Are you comfortable leaving them a substantial estate that could be attacked by creditors, future ex-spouses and others who see a potential “pay-day”? Do you wish to protect your spouse from similar circumstances? If so, you can structure your revocable trust so that it becomes irrevocable upon your death and helps to provide these protections.
Protecting IRA assets has also become more difficult over time. A few years back the supreme court ruled that inherited IRAs are no longer considered retirement accounts. Protecting these assets for children and other non-spousal beneficiaries has become more difficult without the use of trusts.
I wrote about this in the article, “Attorneys Win: Inherited IRAs Lose Protection”
Mistake #7: Failure to implement the plan (funding deficiencies)
All too often, families do nothing to make sure the estate plan is effective after they get their legal documents drafted. What they fail to realize is that the documents are only a blueprint for the structure they need to build. Attorneys tend to be great drafters but poor implementors of estate plans. They will write detailed instructions for what the family needs to do to make sure everything is effective but fail to hold families accountable to build the structure that is intended.
Few people take empty suitcases on extended trips, but many families create estate plans without packing the proverbial suitcase afterwards. Unfunded trusts and inadequate followup caused my brother and I to spend three years and tens of thousands of dollars dealing with all the issues associated with probating my father’s estate. As we mentioned before, it is important that both spouses are on the same page with regard to following through and funding the trust, changing title to property etc…
Many attorneys cite the failure to follow through as the reason they prefer not to recommend trusts in many instances. We prefer to assume that families want to do the right thing and may just need a little more hand holding, education and followup to make sure they finish the process. It is much easier for parents and spouses to determine exactly how and what they want to accomplish and pack their “suitcases” themselves than having a family friend, loved one or corporate entity do it for them after they are no longer around.
Unfortunately the funding process becomes more complicated when executors and trustees have to figure out where all the assets are located and what the intent of the deceased was when he or she was living. We prefer to see families do this work on the front end. Dealing with the passing of a loved one is stressful enough without having to go on a extended “treasure hunt” digging into every conceivable place something might be buried.
Mistake #8: Not providing detailed instructions for executors
Early in the morning on September 16th, 2008 we received a call from one of the nurses in dad’s office. He had not shown up for one of his cases and the police had called about an accident on the backside of Signal Mountain. Dad was rushed to the emergency room. By the time my brother and I arrived to the hospital he was no longer living and barely recognizable. He was gone in a flash and we were too shocked to feel many emotions until days later.
Tim and I traveled to the scene of the accident to get more closure. From there we visited the funeral home and headed up to dad’s house. Someone had come and gone before we were able to take care of items in his home. Statements were spread out, jewelry was taken, even some luggage was missing. We had failed to change locks, combinations and codes before the looters had arrived. They hit extremely quickly.
Luckily dad had made a DVD intended for insurance purposes which detailed all the valuables in the home. We came across this a week or so later and were better able get a feel for what was taken. What we were not prepared for was how to figure out where everything else was located. Tim and I knew more than most but we were not aware how many banks outside of his primary bank he may have security deposit boxes. It took some time to find titles to properties, vehicles and statements for forgotten accounts. We were able to eventually figure out how to get into one of his email addresses which helped the situation, but the process was long and difficult just getting to this point.
We’ve seen similar situations with friends & clients when their loved ones pass away. For this reason we like to provide instruction for how to educate loved ones and detail how best to direct them with regard to distributing personal property.
Over the next couple of weeks we have dates open to attend our Estate Planning workshop to learn more about protecting loved ones and making the transition easier. Feel free to contact our office for open dates and times.
Joe D. Franklin, CFP is Founder and President of Franklin Wealth Management, and CEO of Innovative Advisory Partners, a registered investment advisory firm in Hixson, Tennessee. A 20+year industry veteran, he contributes guest articles for Money Magazine and authors the Franklin Backstage Pass blog. Joe has also been featured in the Wall Street Journal, Kiplinger’s Magazine, USA Today and other publications.
Important Disclosure Information for the “Backstage Pass” Blog
Please remember that past performance may not be indicative of future results. Indexes are unmanaged and cannot be invested into directly. Index returns do not reflect fees, expenses, or sales charges. Index performance is not indicative of the performance of any investments. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and there can be no assurance that the future performance of any specific investment, investment strategy, or product (including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or undertaken by Franklin Wealth Management), or any non-investment related content, made reference to directly or indirectly in this blog will be profitable, equal any corresponding indicated historical performance level(s), be suitable for your portfolio or individual situation, or prove successful. Due to various factors, including changing market conditions and/or applicable laws, the content may no longer be reflective of current opinions or positions. Moreover, you should not assume that any discussion or information contained in this blog serves as the receipt of, or as a substitute for, personalized investment advice from Franklin Wealth Management. To the extent that a reader has any questions regarding the applicability of any specific issue discussed above to his/her individual situation, he/she is encouraged to consult with the professional advisor of his/her choosing. Franklin Wealth Management is neither a law firm nor a certified public accounting firm and no portion of the blog content should be construed as legal or accounting advice. A copy of Franklin Wealth Management’s current written disclosure statement discussing our advisory services and fees is available for review upon request.